Bartonelose: doença de importância para a saúde pública envolvendo a tríade homem-ambiente-animal / Bartonellosis: disease of importance for public health involving the man-environment-animal triad / Bartonelosis: enfermedad de importancia para la salud pública que involucra la triada hombre-ambiente-animal

A relação hospedeiro-parasita é caracterizada como uma interação alelobiótica construída por meio de processos evolutivo-adaptativos com hospedeiros assintomáticos. No ambiente silvestre é notório o equilíbrio desta relação, porém quando há intervenção antropogênica um ciclo enzoótico pode se estabelecer proporcionando o surgimento de enfermidades emergentes ou reemergentes. Dentre estes agentes etiológicos, a Bartonella spp. é um bacilo gram-negativo da classe Proteobacteria que apresentam tropismo por eritrócitos e células endoteliais, com infecção já descrita em animais das Ordens: Rodentia, Lagomorpha, Carnivora, Artiodactyla, Eulipotyphla e Chiroptera. A infecção pela bactéria pode estar associada à linfadenite, endocardite, angiomatose bacilar e peliose hepática em humanos. Treze espécies de Bartonella spp. são tidas como zoonóticas. O objetivo desta revisão está em apontar para a comunidade científica a bartonelose como uma doença de notificação obrigatória, assim como, os possíveis hospedeiros em animais domésticos e silvestres e sua etiopatogenia.(AU)

The host-parasite relationship is characterized as an allelobiotic interaction built through evolutionary-adaptive processes with asymptomatic hosts. In the wild environment, the balance of this relationship is notorious, but when there is anthropogenic intervention, an enzootic cycle can be established, providing the emergence of emerging or reemerging diseases. Among these etiologic agents, Bartonella spp. is a gram-negative bacillus of the Proteobacteria class that presents tropism for erythrocytes and endothelial cells, with infection already described in animals of the Orders: Rodentia, Lagomorpha, Carnivora, Artiodactyla, Eulipotyphla and Chiroptera. Infection by the bacterium may be associated with lymphadenitis, endocarditis, bacillary angiomatosis and peliosis hepatica in humans. Thirteen species of Bartonella spp. are considered zoonotic. The objective of this review is to point out to the scientific community bartonellosis as a notifiable disease, as well as the possible hosts in domestic and wild animals and their etiopathogenesis.(AU)

La relación hospedador-parásito se caracteriza por ser una interacción alelobiótica construida mediante procesos evolutivo-adaptativos con hospedadores asintomáticos. En el medio silvestre, el equilibrio de esta relación es notorio, pero cuando hay intervención antropogénica, puede establecerse un ciclo enzoótico, propiciando la aparición de enfermedades emergentes o reemergentes. Entre estos agentes etiológicos, Bartonella spp. es un bacilo gramnegativo de la clase Proteobacteria que presenta tropismo por eritrocitos y células endoteliales, con infección ya descrita en animales de los Órdenes: Rodentia, Lagomorpha, Carnivora, Artiodactyla, Eulipotyphla y Chiroptera. La infección por la bacteria puede estar asociada a linfadenitis, endocarditis, angiomatosis bacilar y peliosis hepática en humanos. Trece especies de Bartonella spp. se consideran zoonóticas. El objetivo de esta revisión es señalar a la comunidad científica la bartonelosis como enfermedad de declaración obligatoria, así como los posibles hospedadores en animales domésticos y salvajes y su etiopatogenia.(AU)

Detection of antibodies to anaplasma, bartonella and coxiella in rural inhabitants of the Caribbean area of Colombia

Objetive. To estimate the seroprevalence of antibodies to Anaplasma phagocytophilum (formerly Ehrlichia), Bartonella spp. and C. burnetii in Cordoba and Sucre departments, an important cattle raising and farming region of Colombia. Materials and methods. We analysed a representative cross-section of the population by collecting sera in 2003. All of the livestock farming individuals living in towns within Cordoba and Sucre departments served as the base population from whichsamples were obtained, and all rural workers between 16 and 65 years of age were eligible to enrol. All sera were examined by IFA for the detection of IgG antibodies to Bartonella spp, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and coxiella burnetii. Results. The overall seroprevalence of antibodies to one or more of the studied agents was 56.8 por ciento. Of 81 serum specimens tested antibody to C. burnetii 23.6 por ciento, were seropositive, 37.7 por ciento had antibody reactive with Bartonella and 20 por ciento of individuals tested were seropositive to Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Conclusions. Our data indicate that the prevalence of antibodies to Bartonella, A. phagocytophilum and C. burnettii is high in our region. Our results suggest that infectious zoonotic diseases are very common among residents of the Caribbean area. This study demostratres for first time the presence of these microorganisms in Colombia

Objetivo. Establecer la seroprevalencia de Bartonella spp, Anaplasma phagocytophilum (antes Erlichia) y Coexiella burnetii. Materiales y métodos. Se analizaron sueros representativos de un sector de la población en el año 2003, recolectados de personas que trabajan en actividades del campo en los departamentos de Córdoba y Sucre que sirvieron como población base de las muestras que se obtuvieron. Los trabajadores rurales elegidos a participar tenían entra 16 – 65 años de edad. Los sueros fueron examinados por IFA para detección de anticuerpos contra IgG para Bartonella spp, Erlichia Anaplasma phagocytophilum y Coexiella burnetii. Resultados. La seroprevalencia de anticuerpos de todos los microorganismos estudiados fue de 56.8%. De 81 muestras de suero analizadas el 26.6% fueron seropositivas contra C. burnetii, el 37.7% tuvieron anticuerpos contra Bartonella y el 20% de los individuos evaluados fueron seropositivos para Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Conclusiones. Nuestros datos indican que la prevalencia de anticuerpos contra Bartonella, A. phagocytophilum y C. burnetii son altos en nuestra región. Los resultados indican que estas enfermedades zoonoticas son muy comunes en las personas que residen en el área del caribe colombiano. Este estudio demuestra por primera vez la presencia de estos microorganismos en Colombia.

What do we (not) know about the human bartonelloses?

The human bartonelloses are a group of diseases with a rapidly increasing clinical spectrum. Well known manifestations such as Carrion's disease, trench fever, cat-scratch disease, and bacillary angiomatosis are examples of Bartonella spp. infection. Along with these diseases, recurrent bacteremia, endocarditis, septicemia, erythema nodosum, erythema multiforme, trombocytopenic purpura and other syndromes have been reported having been caused by bacteria of this genus. The infectious process and the pathogenesis of these microorganisms are poorly understood. The bartonelloses may have a benign and self-limited evolution in a host, or a potentially fatal one. These bacteria can provoke a granulomatous or an angioproliferative histopathologic response. As these diseases are not yet well defined, we have reviewed the four main human bartonelloses and have examined unclear points about these emergent diseases

Linforreticulosis benigna: enfermedad por arañazo de gato / Benign limphoreticulosis: cat-scratch disease

Se presenta una niña de 10 años con una adenopatía regional y lesiones por arañazo de gato. Por el laboratorio de rutina y la punción aspirativa del ganglio afectado se descartan tuberculosis, micobacterias atípicas y gérmenes comunes, llegando al diagnóstico por exclusión de enfermedad por arañazo de gato, constatándose una remisión del cuadro